[ARADR][MS1-R1][RESEARCH] Knowledge-representation foundations evidence inventory #386
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nsaspy/prolog-rlm#386
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Parent: #411
Topic: MS1 — Knowledge Representation
Mode: RESEARCH ONLY
Canonical prior inputs: #398 #392 #397 #400 #401 #405
Pass contract
This pass does not choose a canonical Machine Spirit representation, profile set, storage schema, or executable lowering architecture.
Earlier #398/#392 material is treated as prior research/design evidence, not automatically re-approved design, because the old Cycle-1 pass combined research and design in one run. This pass separates the research evidence so MS1-D1 can make decisions in a later design-only loop.
Questions investigated
prolog-rlmmain?Research findings
R1-F01 — Representation syntax does not determine one entailment semantics
Current standards continue to provide multiple explicit semantic/query regimes over related data models rather than one universal reasoning behavior.
Evidence:
Research implication only: Machine Spirit's KR problem must account for semantic/query regime identity independently of surface record syntax. Which profiles v1 exposes is left to MS1-D1/later evidence.
R1-F02 — RDF 1.2 materially improves statement-as-data representation but remains a graph data model
RDF 1.2 Concepts is a W3C Candidate Recommendation Snapshot dated 2026-04-07. RDF graphs remain sets of subject-predicate-object triples, while RDF 1.2 adds triple terms, allowing an RDF triple to occur as a term and improving statement-level description/reification.
Evidence:
This is strong evidence for preserving statement/proposition identity and metadata about statements. It is not evidence that triples alone encode all required quantifier, procedural, default, epistemic, or temporal semantics.
R1-F03 — Validation and inference remain distinct concerns in current standards work
SHACL 1.2 Core describes structural constraints over RDF data graphs. SHACL 1.2 Rules separately defines rule-based inference. The Rules draft exposes distinct
inferandqueryoperations and produces an inference graph; unioning inferred output with the base graph is not inherently mandatory.Evidence:
The current Rules work also has to define behavior around creation of new RDF terms and negation-as-failure, demonstrating that adding inference changes semantic and termination concerns beyond schema validation.
Research implication only: shape/type/schema validity cannot be treated as proof that a proposition is entailed or operationally executable.
R1-F04 — Source/assertion context cannot safely be reduced to a global graph union
Prior #398B research on McCarthy/Guha contexts and source revision theories remains relevant. Current SPARQL entailment work also evaluates query semantics relative to an active graph and an entailment regime; semantic query behavior is not equivalent to blindly unioning every graph/source.
Evidence:
Inputs such as LLM logs, news, Wikipedia revisions, policies, scientific passages, hypotheticals, and quoted claims can make the same proposition usable under different source/speaker/time/scenario conditions.
Open research remains on exact context composition and bridge guarantees; this pass does not choose a context implementation.
R1-F05 — Existential knowledge requires explicit unknown-witness semantics
Plain function-free Datalog cannot faithfully express every statement of the form
forall X ... exists Y .... Existential-rule systems use null/witness-like terms plus syntactic restrictions to recover useful computational properties.Current implementation evidence:
Prior #398B literature also covered guarded/warded existential rules and chase restrictions.
Research invariant:
Exact admitted existential fragment, witness canonicalization, and benchmark envelope remain unresolved.
R1-F06 — Modular theory composition has stronger semantics than generic import/merge
Prior #398C found that composition may need distinct relations such as include/reference/translate/bridge/query-preserve/conservative-extension rather than one generic
importsedge.Description-logic modularity literature reinforces that conservative extension and query inseparability are distinct logical guarantees, and many forms are computationally hard or undecidable outside restricted fragments.
Evidence:
Research implication only: syntactic compatibility/union is insufficient evidence of semantic substitutability or query preservation.
R1-F07 — Demand-driven deductive evaluation is practical but fragment-dependent
Soufflé currently implements Magic-Set transformation to specialize positive Datalog evaluation and avoid irrelevant tuples. Its current documentation explicitly notes limitations: relations involving negation, functors, or aggregates are skipped by the implemented transformation.
Evidence:
This is implementation evidence that query-directed compilation/materialization can reduce work, while also showing that optimization guarantees depend on the admitted rule fragment.
R1-F08 — Provenance can be demand-produced from derivation metadata rather than eagerly storing every proof tree
Soufflé's current provenance implementation keeps rule/height annotations during evaluation and lazily constructs proof trees when explanations are requested.
Evidence:
Prior #398B research on TMS/ATMS and provenance semirings independently establishes the value of explicit dependency/justification structure. This does not settle which proof/justification artifacts belong in canonical history versus rebuildable state.
R1-F09 — Incremental derived-state maintenance is executable today in SWI-Prolog, with semantic restrictions
SWI-Prolog currently documents:
Evidence:
This supports treating derived/materialized state as dependency-tracked/rebuildable in at least some fragments. It does not establish Machine Spirit-scale performance or a universal incremental algorithm.
R1-F10 — Semantic mapping and epistemic acceptance are distinct research layers
The #400C handoff into #392 records a key cross-depth distinction:
A mapping may preserve proposition meaning while source/destination theories still disagree on negation, defaults, priorities, model plurality, trust or acceptance policy.
This is retained as a cross-topic dependency on MS3 rather than solved inside MS1-R1.
R1-F11 — Procedural representation must preserve distinctions before execution is considered
The #401A handoff into #392 records these distinct artifacts:
MS1 therefore has representation requirements originating in MS4, but this R1 does not select procedural constructors or an executable procedural profile.
R1-F12 — Canonical semantic records, deductive planning, and derived state are separate evidence classes in the prior corpus
#398C/D and #392 distinguish:
The current implementation evidence from SWI/Soufflé makes the distinction technically plausible, but no canonical Machine Spirit API implementing those planes exists today.
R1-F13 — Current
prolog-rlmmain does not implement the designed Machine Spirit semantic surfaceCurrent GitHub code search on
lost-rob0t/prolog-rlmmain returned no canonical implementation hits for:This matches #397/#405's executable acceptance audit. Therefore all
sem_*examples in #392/#398 remain design-shaped research artifacts, not evidence of an implemented Machine Spirit semantic kernel.Prior-cycle evidence normalization
The old #398 pass cannot be copied directly into ARADR
MS1-R1because it contains both literature research and explicit architecture selection (preferred,decision,adopt, design changes). Its source/evidence survey is retained here as prior evidence. Its architectural conclusions become inputs to the later design-only MS1-D1, not conclusions of this pass.Likewise later #392 handoffs from #400/#401 are recorded as cross-topic constraints/evidence, not silently re-approved MS1 design.
Contradictions / tensions found
Research gaps created for later RESEARCH passes
These remain
RESEARCH REQUIREDunless another existing topic/pass already closes them with adequate evidence:MS1-G01 — Canonical proposition/formula equivalence and fingerprinting
Research exact normalization/equivalence choices for:
Goal is evidence, not a design decision.
MS1-G02 — Context/microtheory composition semantics
Compare explicit contextual logics/microtheories, RDF datasets/named graphs, local/contextual description logics and practical scoped-query systems. Determine which guarantees can be made without context-product explosion or implicit global union.
MS1-G03 — Executable existential fragment envelope
Benchmark/research candidate guarded/warded/acyclic existential-rule fragments against Machine Spirit query patterns. Determine expected chase termination/resource behavior, witness identity requirements and interaction with recursion/negation.
MS1-G04 — Theory bridge/module guarantee envelope
Research which query-inseparability/conservative-extension/mapping guarantees are decidable or practical for likely v1 fragments and what weaker contracts exist when exact checking is intractable.
MS1-G05 — Provenance/justification retention boundary
Research storage/complexity tradeoffs among canonical direct justification edges, durable promoted receipts, lazy proof reconstruction, provenance polynomials/semirings and rebuildable intermediate proofs.
MS1-G06 — Cross-profile composition semantics
Research safe composition between Horn/Datalog, temporal/event, constraints, existential rules, DL/ontology mappings, and preservation-only quantified formulas without laundering one profile's guarantee into another.
MS1-G07 — Scale evidence
Existing implementation examples prove techniques exist but do not establish Machine Spirit's scale envelope. Gather measured data for relevant rule fragments, incremental invalidation, explanation, context selection and existential reasoning on representative corpus sizes.
Design inputs now ready for MS1-D1
The following are evidence packages, not decisions:
prolog-rlmdoes not implement the target semantic API.MS1-D1 may consume these findings and the full prior #398/#392 corpus. It must not perform new external research while designing.
Pass checkpoint